Mwala wa safiro kutanthauza m'Baibulo .
Safira amatanthauza choonadi, kukhulupirika ndi kuwona mtima. Safira imagwirizananso ndi chiyanjo cha Mulungu. Buluu unali mtundu womwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ansembe posonyeza kuyanjana kwawo ndi zakumwamba. Mu Middle Ages, miyala ya safiro imayimira mgwirizano wa wansembe ndi mlengalenga, ndipo miyala ya safiro inali m'makona a mabishopu. Analinso miyala yosankhidwa ndi mafumu. Safira ndi chizindikiro cha kudzipereka kwa Mulungu.
MALAMULO
Malinga ndi nthano, Mose adalandira Malamulo Khumi m'mabwalo a safiro, zomwe zimapangitsa mwalawo kukhala wopatulika ndikuyimira chisomo cha Mulungu. Aperisi akale ankakhulupirira kuti dziko lapansi limakhala pa safiro wamkulu komanso kuti thambo limakhala ndi mtundu wake wabuluu chifukwa cha miyala ya safiro.
Ndipo maziko a linga la mzindawo anali okongoletsedwa ndi miyala yonse yamtengo wapatali. Maziko oyamba anali yaspi; yachiwiri ndi safiro; wachitatu, kalkedoni; wachinayi, emarodi; 20 yachisanu, sardonic; achisanu ndi chimodzi, sardiyamu; wachisanu ndi chiwiri ndi krusolito; wachisanu ndi chitatu ndi berulo; achisanu ndi chinayi, topazi; akhumi ndi krusoprase; khumi ndi chimodzi ndi huakinto; wachisanu ndi chiwiri ndi ametusito. Chivumbulutso 21: 19-20 .
SAPPHIRE: MWALA WA NZERU
Kodi safiro amaimira chiyani? .Safira ndi amodzi mwa miyala yamtengo wapatali kwambiri padziko lapansi komanso yokongola kwambiri pafupi ndi ruby, diamondi ndi emerald.
Amadziwikanso kuti Ultralite, nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'madontho olemera a hematite, bauxite ndi rutile. Mtundu wake wabuluu umakhala chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kama aluminiyamu, titaniyamu ndi chitsulo.
Safira zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuwona mtima ndi kukhulupirika. Safira nthawi zambiri amakhala wabuluu, ngakhale pamakhala pinki, wachikasu komanso yoyera kapena yopanda mtundu. Wopangidwa ndi oxide ya aluminium yotchedwa corundum, ndiye mchere wovuta kwambiri wachilengedwe pambuyo pa daimondi. Blue corundum ndi safiro, pomwe yofiira ndi aruby.
MBIRI
Sanskrit sauriratna adakhala liwu lachihebri Sapphire = chinthu chokongola kwambiri. Safiro amapezeka padziko lonse lapansi, ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali yochokera ku Myanmar kapena Burma, Australia ndi Southeast Asia. Miyala ya safiro inapezeka koyamba ku United States mu 1865. Malo ozungulira Yogo Gulch, Montana, USA. Amadziwika chifukwa cha mwala wabuluu, miyala yamtengo wapatali ya safiro yomwe safuna kutentha.
Gwero lenileni la Blue Sapphire lili ku Ceylon, lero ku Sri Lanka, pali mgodi wakale kwambiri wa Sapphire. Malinga ndi ena, ma Sapphires aku Sri Lanka anali odziwika kale m'zaka za zana la 480 BC, ndipo akuti Mfumu Solomo idatengera mfumukazi ya ku Saba pomupatsa miyala ya safiro yochokera mdzikolo, makamaka kuchokera kudera lozungulira mzinda wa Ratnapura , kutanthauza mzinda wamtengo wapatali mu Sinhala.
MITUNDU YA SAPPHIRE
Pali mitundu yambiri ya miyala ya safiro. Malinga ndi mitundu yawo, amadziwika kuti safiro wakuda, safiro yogawanika, safiro wobiriwira ndi safiro wa violet, ndi zina zambiri.
Miyala ya safiro yamitundu ina imadziwika ngati miyala ya safiro yopeka.
- White safiro: Mwala uwu ukuimira chilungamo, chikhalidwe ndi ufulu.
- Parti Sapphire: Safira iyi, yomwe imapezeka ku Australia, ndi mitundu yambiri: wobiriwira, wabuluu, wachikasu komanso wowonekera. Safira ameneyu amabweretsa pamodzi zida za miyala yonse ya safiro. Ma safiro aku Australia nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mawonekedwe obiriwira komanso magulu ozungulira amitundu.
- Black safiro: Ili ndi mphamvu yozika mizu yomwe imathandizira kuthana ndi nkhawa ndikufalitsa kukayika.
- Violet Sapphire: Lumikizanani ndi uzimu. Amadziwika kuti The Stone of Awakening.
- Sapphire wosangalatsa:
- Ku Sri Lanka wotchukaPadparadschas amawonekera,miyala ya lalanje, komanso pinki ndi wachikasu.
- Ku Australia, miyala ya safiro wachikaso ndi wobiriwira yabwino kwambiri.
- Ku Kenya, Tanzania ndi Madagascar, miyala ya safiro yopeka yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imawoneka.
Nyenyezi SAPPHIRE
Amadziwika kuti Mwala wa Nzeru ndi Mwayi.
Mphamvu: Kulandila.
Dziko: Mwezi
Madzi elementi.
Umulungu: Apollo.
Mphamvu: Psychism, chikondi, kusinkhasinkha, mtendere, matsenga otetezera, machiritso, mphamvu, ndalama.
Zomwe zimatchedwa Asterism kapena Star Effect zimayambitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe opangidwa ndi singano omwe amayenda mozungulira mbali ziwiri ndikupanga nyenyezi yowonekera pamwamba pake. Izi ndi Rutilium inclusions, zotchedwanso silika.
Nyenyezi imapangidwa ndikuphatikizira timing'alu ting'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala mumwalawo ngati singano tating'onoting'ono tomwe timagundana mosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndikupanga chodabwitsa chotchedwa asterism. Mu safiro wakuda iwo ndi singano za hematite.
Mtundu wa nyenyezi ya safiro umasiyanasiyana kuchokera kubuluu mumitundu yosiyanasiyana mpaka pinki, lalanje, wachikasu, wobiriwira, lavender komanso kuyambira imvi mpaka yakuda. Zomwe zimapanga utoto wabuluu ndi chitsulo ndi titaniyamu; vanadium imapanga miyala ya violet. Chitsulo chaching'ono chimangobweretsa matayala achikaso ndi obiriwira; chromium imapanga mtundu wa pinki, ndi ma ayoni ndi vanadium malalanje. Mtundu wofunidwa kwambiri ndi wowoneka bwino, wabuluu wowoneka bwino.
The asteria wamba ndi nyenyezi ya safiro, nthawi zambiri imvi yabuluu, yamkaka kapena opalescent corundum, yokhala ndi nyenyezi ya sikisi. Mu red corundum, kunyezimira kwa nyenyezi sikofala kwenikweni, chifukwa chakeruby-nyenyezinthawi zina amakumana ndi nyenyezi ya safiro.
Anthu akale ankawona miyala ya safiro ya nyenyezi ngati chithumwa champhamvu chomwe chimateteza apaulendo ndi ofunafuna. Adawonedwa ngati amphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti apitiliza kuteteza wogwiritsa ntchito, ngakhale atasamutsidwa kwa munthu wina.
Chizindikiro cha Zodiac: Taurus.
Madipoziti: Australia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka ndi Thailand. Zofunika zina za safiro ya nyenyezi zili ku Brazil, Cambodia, China, Kenya, Madagascar. Malawi, Nigeria, Pakistan, Rwanda, Tanzania, United States (Montana), Vietnam ndi Zimbabwe.
SAPPHIRE TRAPICHE
Ngakhale njira za Trapiche ndizofala muemerald, sapezeka kwambiri ku corundum ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheparuby.Trapiche Sapphire, mongamiyala yamtengo wapatalindipozovuta emeralds, Amakhala ndi magawo asanu ndi limodzi a safiro opangidwa molekanitsidwa ndikulekanitsidwa ndi mikono yomwe imabweretsa nyenyezi yokhazikika yamawala asanu ndi limodzi.
Dzinalo la trapiche, lotsogozedwa ndi kufanana kwa kapangidwe kameneka ndi kapini wamkulu wa makina omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa madzi mumzimbe. Masiku ano, mawuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokozera chodabwitsa chilichonse pankhani yomwe ili ndi mbali yozungulira.
Ambiri mwa miyala ya safiro, monga miyala ya Trapiche, amachokera kudera la Mong Hsu ku Burma ndi West Africa.
Kapangidwe kamtunduwu kamapezekanso mumchere wambiri wosiyanasiyana, womwe ndi: Alexandrite, amethyst, aquamarine, aragonite, chalcedony, spinel, ndi zina zambiri.
PADPARADSCHA SAPPHIRE KAPA LOTUS FLOWER
Dzinali limachokera ku Sanskrit Padma raga (Padma = lotus; raga = mtundu), kwenikweni: mtundu wa maluwa a lotus dzuwa litalowa.
Zosiyanasiyana kwambiri komanso zamtengo wapatali, zimadziwika ndi mitundu yachikaso, yapinki komanso lalanje. Ndi safiro wosowa kwambiri m'chilengedwe. Amapangidwanso mwanzeru.
Safirawa amachokera ku Sri Lanka (kale Ceylon). Komabe, achotsedwanso ku Quy Chau (Vietnam), Tunduru (Tanzania) ndi Madagascar. Ma safiro a lalanje amapezeka ku Umba (Tanzania), koma amakhala amdima kuposa abwino komanso okhala ndi bulauni.
Madipoziti: Sri Lanka, Tanzania ndi Madagascar.
MISAMBO YOONA NDI YOTchuka
Zodzikongoletsera za korona waku Britain zili ndi miyala ya safiro, yoyimira atsogoleri oyera ndi anzeru. Monga korona wa St. Edward. Korona wachifumu uli ndi safiro ya Edward the Confessor ndipo ili mkati mwa mtanda wa Malta wokhala pamwamba pa korona.
Safiro wamkulu akadali wosiyana ndi:
- The Star of India, mosakayikira chachikulu kwambiri chosemedwa (563 carats) ndi Midnight Star (Midnight Star), 116 carat star star safiro.
- Atapezeka zaka mazana atatu zapitazo ku Sri Lanka, Star of India idaperekedwa ku American Museum of Natural History ndi wazachuma JP Morgan.
- Saint Edward ndi Stuart (ma carats 104), oikidwa mu korona wachifumu waku England.
- Star of Asia: Amapezeka ku Smithsonian Institution of Washington (ma carats 330) limodzi ndi Star of Artaban (ma carats 316).
- Magalimoto 423 a Logan Sapphire akuwonetsedwa mu Smithsonian Museum of Natural History (Washington). Ndi safiro wodziwika bwino kwambiri wabuluu. Adaperekedwa ndi Akazi a John A. Logan mu 1960.
- Anthu aku America adadula mitu ya apurezidenti atatu mu miyala ya safiro yayikulu: Washington, Lincoln ndi Eisenhower, pamwala wopezeka mu 1950, wolemera ma carats 2,097, wotsika mpaka ma carat 1,444.
- Ruspoli kapena Rispoli, safiro wooneka ngati daimondi wamatumba a 135.80 omwe anali a Louis XIV, omwe ali ku National Museum of Natural History ku Paris.
- Chuma cha tchalitchi chachikulu cha Reims (France) chili ndi chithumwa cha Carlo Magno, chomwe adavala m'khosi mwake pomwe manda ake adatsegulidwa mu 1166, ndipo pambuyo pake, mtsogoleri wa Aix-la-Chapelle adapatsa Napoleon I °. Iye anali ndi miyala ya safiro yaikulu iwiri. Pambuyo pake adanyamulidwa ndi Napoleon III.
SEPTEMBA YA KUBADWA
Safira ndiye mwala wobadwa m'mwezi wa Seputembara ndipo nthawi ina anali mwala wa Epulo. Ndicho chizindikiro cha Saturn ndi Venus ndipo chimalumikizidwa ndi zizindikilo zakuthambo za Aquarius, Virgo, Libra ndi Capricorn. Safira amati ali ndi mphamvu zochiritsa, chikondi ndi mphamvu. Mwala uwu ukhoza kuthandizira kumvetsetsa kwamaganizidwe ndikupititsa patsogolo ndalama.
NTCHITO ZOTHANDIZA ZA MISAMBA
Chifukwa cha kuuma kwawo, miyala ya safiro yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito muntchito zothandiza. Zina mwazomwe amagwiritsa ntchito ndizopanga ma infrared optical zida za sayansi, mawindo olimba kwambiri, makhiristo owonera komanso zopota zamagetsi zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maseketi ophatikizika ndi zida zina zamagetsi zolimba.
Kuuma kwa miyala ya safiro kumadziperekanso ku zida zodulira ndi kupukuta. Amatha kukhala osalala bwino, opangira sandpaper ndi zida zopukutira ndi zophatikizika.
MISONKHANO YACHINYAMATA
Ma sappire opangidwa adapangidwa koyamba mu 1902 kuchokera pa njira yomwe katswiri wazamankhwala waku France a Auguste Verneuil. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga ufa wabwino wa alumina ndikusungunuka ndikuwotcha mpweya. Alumina imayika pang'onopang'ono ngati misozi ya miyala ya safiro.
Masafiro opanga ndi ofanana ndendende m'maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake a miyala ya safiro. Miyala iyi imasiyana pamtengo koma imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamiyala yotsika mtengo.
Masiku ano, miyala ya safiro yokumba ndiyabwino kwambiri kotero kuti katswiri amafunika kusiyanitsa zachilengedwe ndi mitundu yopanga.
KUSIYANA
• Water Sapphire: ndi mtundu wabuluu wa cordierite kapena dichroite.
• White safiro: wonyezimira, wopanda mtundu komanso wowonekera corundum.
• Safira wabodza: mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya quartz yolukidwa yomwe imakhala ndi utoto wabuluu chifukwa chazing'ono zazing'ono za crocidolite.
• safiro waku Eastern: safiro amayamikiridwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kuwala kwake kapena kum'mawa.
Zamkatimu